Combined radiation and convection
Input(s)
\(\boldsymbol{A}_{i}\): Area \(\left(\mathrm{ft}^{2}\right)\)
\(\sigma\): Stephen Boltzmann Constant \(\left(\mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{h}^{3} \mathrm{R}^{4}\right)\)
\(\boldsymbol{e}_{i}\): Emissivity (fraction)
\(T_{i}\): Maximum Air Temperature at the Water Surface (R)
Output(s)
Q: Heat Transfer Rate \((\mathrm{Btu} / \mathrm{s})\)
Formula(s)
\[
Q=\sigma * A_{i} * e_{i} * T_{i}^{4}
\]
Reference(s)
Bird, R.B., Stewart, W.E. and Lightfoot, E.N. (2002). Transport Phenomena (Second Ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Chapter: 16, Page: 505.